Stamping, as the name implies, is to turn steel plates into auto body parts by stamping; welding is to connect these parts to become body-in-white by welding, riveting, etc.; painting, also known as paint shop, is to attach various anti-corrosion processes to the body-in-white , And spray beautiful paint and varnish to achieve the effect of coloring and surface protection. The final assembly is to install various parts and systems on the body on the body to assemble a complete car, and conduct a series of tests such as spot inspection and road test, and finally roll off the line to become a qualified commercial car.

Then take a look at the characteristics of the stamping process of traditional automobiles. It can be basically divided into drawing, punching, trimming, and shaping. According to the structural characteristics and complexity of different parts and the technological characteristics of the car company, the forming process is from 4 Dao order to 6 Dao order range.

Stamping parts on the car body can be roughly divided into two categories, hot formed parts and cold formed parts

There is a concept called processing depth, what does it mean, it refers to the proportion of all parts processed by car companies themselves. Each car company is different, but most companies outsource thermoformed parts, small parts, and inner panels, leaving four doors, two covers, side panels, and fenders.

Mainly because of two considerations, one is that these parts have a relatively high added value, and the spare parts sold in 4S stores mainly sell these parts; the other is that these parts are the main outer covering parts, if outsourcing, quality control It will be difficult to guarantee.

The three indispensable parts of the stamping process are sheet metal, pressure equipment and molds.

Let’s talk about the pressure equipment first. The more mature and advanced stamping workshops generally use stamping press lines with a higher degree of automation. As shown in the figure below, the highest-end stamping production line can realize the loading, unstacking, stamping process and The transfer of parts to the final packing is fully automated.

Due to cost considerations, the mainstream press lines currently used by OEMs have basically achieved automation in addition to the line head feeder and the end of the line. The main press line brands include German Schuler and domestically produced Jier. The speed of the whole line can reach 10-17 times per piece, but for suppliers that manufacture small parts, most of them are low-cost and low-automation The pressure equipment, some even manual lines.

For sheet materials, there are nothing more than two mainstream materials, steel plate and aluminum plate. Among them, steel plate accounts for a relatively large proportion, and aluminum plate accounts for a relatively small proportion, but the all-aluminum body is the future development trend. For mold manufacturing itself, it is currently a relatively mature industry.

If we want to discuss the role of the stamping shop in the manufacturing of new energy vehicles in the future, there are three prerequisites for the discussion: first, the difference between future new energy vehicles and traditional cars and the impact of development direction on stamping; second, stamping in the future The development direction of the craft itself; the third is the disruptive technology and craft.

The difference between future new energy vehicles and traditional vehicles

New energy, as the name suggests, the difference is mainly reflected in the power system, so the biggest change is in the powertrain workshop and battery workshop. This change point has little effect on stamping. Simply put, although the engine has become a motor and a battery pack has been added, the basic skeleton structure and shape of the car have not changed much. The parts are still those parts, and the body is still the same.

But one point of change is that the development of lightweight cars will gradually increase the proportion of aluminum parts used, which will have a greater impact on welding, because there is still a certain difference between welding of steel plates and welding of aluminum plates.

The impact of changes in aluminum parts on stamping is mainly reflected in the fact that the forming ability of aluminum plates is different from that of steel plates, so different forming pressures and curves are required, but this is relatively mature at present and will not be a difficult point.